0830:  4 June - Opening  Remarks by Bob Suart  Director, Canadian Centre for Mine Action Technologies (CCMAT)

Table of Contents
Introduction

Welcome by Lloyd Axworthy

Opening Remarks by Bob Suart

Appendix 1 - Complete Presentations
Appendix 2 - Poster Presentations

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Last night at the reception I welcomed everybody and looked forward to a good workshop and a good session over the next two days.  I would like to reiterate that sentiment. I'm very pleased to see a very good showing of people here who know what they're talking about, high calibre people that guarantee our workshop will be a success.

I want to spend just a few minutes talking about what we hope to accomplish at this workshop.  I think it's understood that this is not a conference. It is a workshop and I want to make it as clear as I can what we hope to accomplish.  Workshops presumably have a product in mind and this is no exception.  We would certainly hope that after spending two days in close proximity, working hard, that we will have an action plan.  When I talk about mine action in this context, we are really talking about demining and the business of clearing land.  There has been a lot said about a gulf between the people using equipment in the field and those involved in the developing of equipment, who are said to live in a different world.  There is no doubt that there has been a tendency, over some period of time, for technology which is required in mine action to be developed in isolation, or at least, to some degree, in isolation from the people that are required to apply that technology. This is a generalization and I'm absolutely convinced it's not 100% true but there is an element of truth to it. If there is an aim to this workshop, it is to bridge that gulf.  In order to bridge the gulf, we are going to have to find a way to talk to each other in constructive ways.

I've been to many conferences with respect to mine action and the technology issues behind mine action and I've heard the very strongly felt beliefs of people on both sides of the issues.  What I've also noticed is that nothing much changes.  I hear people declaring that the developers don't know what they're doing and don't know what the deminers do in the field.  I also hear the developers complaining that there is no take up of the product of their efforts.  If, in fact, these claims are true, then we have to change things.  We have to make some kind of an effort to move the yardsticks and get on with it.  I don't think there's anybody in this group of very informed people that would argue that the way things are in the minefields is just the way they should be.  We have methods of demining. Generally speaking, the most wide spread is manual demining which involves the use of probes, dogs and metal detectors and some other things which may or may not be there.   I think we'd all agree that if we continue using manual demining and we're still faced with 50 - 100 million mines, it's going to certainly take longer than the time contemplated by the Ottawa Convention to get those mines out of the ground and to return countries to normal economic activity.  We do need better ways and these are being investigated.

We have organized this workshop around four sessions.  The first two are personal protective equipment and mechanical assistance equipment.  Those two topics were chosen, not because they're the most important technical areas or that there's some particular issue behind them. In fact, detection technology occupies a greater part of the budget and time associated with technical development. Those topics were chosen because in these we have experience and have attempted to introduce equipment into the field. The objections I made allusion seem to arise most often in those two areas. We felt that, rather than try to cover the whole technical spectrum, it would be best if we focused on a couple of areas where most of us have some experience.  So we're going to talk about personal protective equipment and mechanical assistance equipment in some detail. We will not try, in any way, to suggest how to improve these things or to deal with the technical issues, but rather to examine the process that we have gone through historically in the development of these equipments and in the attempt to introduce them into the field.

I think that there is something wrong with the process. We don't have a very good market model in humanitarian demining.  We have donors who fund operations in the field and we have developers who may fund themselves, often through government. We have industrial participants who are trying make equipment and to introduce it into the field and to sell it in a market that doesn’t provide very good feedback from the point of view of the user and his requirements.  In order to improve the effectiveness of the introduction of technology into the practice of humanitarian demining, we really have to look at the process and not focus on some particular aspect of the technology.  At this workshop, we can't expect to identify some technical advance that will, once introduced, suddenly solve the problems of the deminer.  His problems are more pervasive than that.  We need to find a way to systematize or organize the whole business of development and procurement of equipment in the humanitarian demining field. That is what I want and hope that we can focus on in this workshop.

I have, for many years worked in a laboratory which serves a military client and many people here have the same experience.  In the military context, the whole business of identifying the need for equipment, the process of development and testing equipment and the process of procurement, distribution and life cycle management is well-defined.  When I say well-defined, I don't necessarily mean that it is a perfect process by any means. I would not suggest that we try to adopt that process for humanitarian demining equipment procurement. It wouldn't work because we don't have one central authority as you have in the military that can lay down rules and regulations and define the process.  However, there is a process and it's understood in the military context to have many elements starting with the definition of the needs and requirements of the user. These requirements are made known to the people that engage in the development of new technology and the application of that technology to new equipment.  There is a process of development that normally goes through several stages from proof of concept through the production of several successively more sophisticated development  models, ultimately resulting in a prototype that can be tested.  Test and evaluation occurs at all phases of the development process ultimately leading to test and evaluation for acceptance by the user.

For a couple of years, several nations have been working on an International Test and Evaluation Program (ITEP) for humanitarian demining.  We have reached the point where we have an internationally agreed MOU, a whole lot of structure that has been suggested and agreed, but we haven't done much testing and evaluation.  Furthermore, we haven't integrated the ITEP process into our procurement methodology for humanitarian demining. This is something we must do.  We must find a way to generate user requirements that are agreed and sensible and apply these requirements when we undertake development of equipment in laboratories and businesses or conduct test and evaluation. Demining equipment will then go through the process of development and testing with some reasonable expectation that it will function in the field as it should.  We don't have very much on the ground yet to put this process into operation. The third session of the workshop is therefore devoted to looking at test and evaluation since it is a process that affects everybody whether it's personal protective equipment or mechanical assistance equipment, whether it's the user in the field or the developer in the laboratory.   Test and evaluation is important to all. We have made it the subject of the third session. 

The last and final session is called "Wrap-up" in the programme. We haven't defined this term, but I hope it will be the most important session of all. Once we have been able to look at specific problems like personal protective equipment or mechanical assistance equipment and then examined the relationship of test and evaluation to the development of equipment, I hope we will be able to construct an action plan of some kind in the final session which will be the main product of this workshop.           

Table of Contents
Introduction

Welcome by Lloyd Axworthy

Opening Remarks by Bob Suart

Appendix 1 - Complete Presentations
Appendix 2 - Poster Presentations